to what extent was the us justified in foreign intervention prezi
1 of the most complicated dynamics in international relations is whether foreign powers should intervene when a government is creating a humanitarian crunch among its ain people. David Fifty. Phillips, a former a senior adviser to the United States Department of State and to the United Nations, has repeatedly dealt with this problem, and in his about recent volume, "Liberating Kosovo: Coercive Diplomacy and U.S. Intervention," he suggests a criteria for when to intervene, based on the lessons learned during and after NATO's military attack in the onetime Yugoslavia. Syrian arab republic is a current conundrum of whether to use outside military machine force against a government that is attacking its own people.
Phillips, 53, is now the manager of Columbia University's Program on Peace-Building and Human Rights. He recently sat for an interview to talk over foreign interventions and the importance of increasing women'southward involvement in conflict resolution.
PassBlue: What lesson can exist learned from NATO's intervention in the war in Kosovo in 1999, to the humanitarian crises today?
David Phillips: The but way you tin can mobilize international support for military activeness is by demonstrating that you have run the grade of diplomatic options. Diplomacy backed by the threat of forcefulness is still diplomacy; you don't want to be trigger-happy. The idea is to try to convince a repressive regime into changing its beliefs and utilise military activity as a final resort. The other major conclusion is actually at the dorsum end. You lot really don't intervene unless you lot accept an leave strategy, and the get out strategy requires a capable and committed local partner with the integrity to lead. If you don't accept a torso or an individual who you tin hand over power to, you can hands become stuck in an open up-concluded occupation and that's not in the interest of the straight affected population.
PassBlue: From your feel, what has been more than influential regarding US decisions to intervene — moral judgment or national interests?
David Phillips: Americans like to use virtuous power for the greater good, so in that location is always a moral dimension. We have a sense of outrage as freedom-loving people when innocent victims are slaughtered. Just it is clear that'due south not the sole criteria. If it were, the U.s. would have sent troops to the Democratic republic of the congo, where five million people have been killed; to Darfur, which we have labeled equally a genocide — 300,000 Darfurians have died at that place, maybe 400,000 — and so ultimately it comes down to national interest.
PassBlue: How would y'all rate the United nations Security Council'southward efforts in conflict prevention and its judgment on whether to intervene?
David Phillips: Pathetic. Red china and Russia's obstacle on iii Security Council resolutions on Syria shows their unwillingness to deal with rogue and genocidal regimes such every bit Bashar al-Assad'due south [president of Syria]. The international customs works when the US is pushing an agenda. If y'all multilaterize the decision-making, you stop up with the lowest common denominator and that'due south normally inaction. Principled and mettlesome leadership from Washington is called for.
PassBlue: How did the intervention in Republic of iraq influence the US and the international customs's motivation to intervene in today's humanitarian crises?
David Phillips: The 2003 invasion and occupation of Iraq by the Bush administration, which was done illegally and nether false pretenses, undermined a century of endeavor to lay the background for more than robust international appointment to protect the rights of citizens whose interests are abused within sovereign states.
PassBlue: Given your interest in peace talks in many unlike places around the world, how frequently take women been able to play significant roles in conflict resolution?
David Phillips: Not oft enough. [Security Council] Resolution 1325 makes clear that women should non but take a role at the peace table simply that they should also be involved in political mobilization at the grass roots and in peace-building activities, including economic development. Unless you lot engage women fully in mail-conflict activities, information technology is easy to regress and to see conflict resume. Resolution 1325 represents a gold standard to which all countries should adhere.
PassBlue: How would you lot characterize the nature of conflict resolution when women are involved?
David Phillips: I think the experience of Republic of liberia is instructive on the role of women [the Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace's work to help finish Liberia'southward 2003 ceremonious state of war]. Their vocalism was heard, their leadership was felt, their impact on local economy was pregnant. Liberia is a good model on how women can play a constructive part.
PassBlue: Bated from Un Resolution 1325, which mandates women'southward participation in peace talks, what else tin exist done to increment the office of women in conflict resolution?
David Phillips: Across the resolution, attitudes must change. All too ofttimes, women are the primary victims of conflicts. Women and children are the well-nigh displaced. They too often lack a phonation when information technology comes to public opinion or political negotiations. Information technology'll have time for combatants who are typically male person to engage women at every stage of a peace procedure, merely information technology is important that we get at that place.
PassBlue: What projects are you lot working on at present?
David Phillips: I am also a member of the adjunct faculty on the Harvard Humanitarian Initiative and a senior adviser for peace-building and reconciliation for the US Section of Land. I work in Sri Lanka, Myanmar, S Sudan/Sudan, Syria, Turkey, Republic of iraq and the Balkans — particularly Serbia and Kosovo.
[This article was updated on May 2, 2013.]
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Yermi Brenner
Yermi Brenner reports on migration and other sociopolitical issues for Al Jazeera, Global Post, Deutsche Welle and other publications. He is based in Berlin and is a graduate from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. Follow him on Twitter: @yermibrenner.
Source: https://www.passblue.com/2013/04/24/when-intervention-by-foreign-powers-is-justified/
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